Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) is a state-of-the-art method of treating wastewater that leaves only solid residues behind after all wastewater components are recovered and recycled. ZLD systems use a variety of technologies, including ion exchange, evaporation, crystallization, and reverse osmosis, to concentrate pollutants in wastewater and generate high-quality water that may be reused as well as solid waste that can be disposed of or used again. ZLD protects the environment by lowering disposal costs, preserving freshwater resources, and limiting water contamination. It is especially useful for sectors of the economy that deal with strict environmental laws or issues related to water scarcity.