One major application of a softener plant as a water treatment system is to lessen the hardness of the water, which is brought on by calcium and magnesium ions. It works by exchanging sodium ions for hardness ions in a process known as ion exchange. This swap takes place in the softener unit's resin bed. Water becomes softer as it moves through the resin bed because sodium ions are released and hardness ions are trapped. To stop scale accumulation in plumbing systems, appliances, and industrial equipment, softener facilities are frequently utilized in commercial, industrial, and residential settings.